Amphetamine psychosis pdf#

Although a psychotic episode may occur after a single large dose of amphetamine, most cases involve repeated administration of the drug. Of the hundreds of documented cases of amphetamine psychosis, the most consistently reported symptom is the emergence of paranoid ideation. The first mention of an experimentally induced psychosis in volunteers who were given amphetamine came in 1944. The first report of a paranoid psychosis precipitated by amphetamine use followed only a few years later in 1938. Amphetamine was first marketed in the 1930s. Scoville described some cases of paranoid psychoses seen in narcoleptic patients treated with high doses of amphetamine and cautioned against indiscriminate use of “benzedrine therapy”. Bloomberg first reported that amphetamine had therapeutic value in the treatment of narcolepsy in 1935. Resultate in bezug auf gewisse Tierstudien über die Wirkung von Amphetamin, Cocain und L-DOPA bei Hunden werden ebenfalls diskutiert.M.

Der Effekt pharmakologischer Vorbehandlungen, welche Synthese und Ablagerung von Monoaminen im Gehirn und das Verhalten unter Amphetamin beeinflussen, wird diskutiert. ZusammenfassungĮs wird die Reaktion freiwilliger Versuchspersonen auf die Verabreichung Psychosen erzeugender Dosen Amphetamin beschrieben. While these studies are preliminary and require extensive replication, the comparative psychotogenic potencies of d vs 1 amphetamine observed in this study suggests that attention be directed to the possible role of dopaminergic mechanisms in amphetamine psychosis. However, his characteristic psychotic syndrome (established in prior experiments) consisting primarly of referential ideation, ideas of smelling badly, and olfactory hallucinations, was more pronounced with 1 than with d amphetamine and loss of insight and fear were greater at this time. Disoganization of thought and perception that critical disparaging attitudes were being taken toward him by the nursing staff were also somewhat greater with d than with 1 amphetamine. Cardiovascular effects and hyperactivity, (as measured by a pedometer were greater with d amphetamine. In an attempt to ascertain which of these mechanisms was more crucial in amphetamine psychotogenesis, a volunteer subject who was non-schizophrenic and an experienced amphetamine user, was administered large doses of d, racemic and 1 amphetamine under controlled conditions, in three separate experiments. This may be important for doctors trying to diagnose and treat these symptoms. One key difference is that amphetamine psychosis is caused by substance use, while schizophrenia is a mental illness. This preliminary investigation is, to a great extent, based on the prior work of two investigators, Griffith (12, 13) who has demonstrated the safety and feasibility of inducing amphetamine psychoses under experimental conditions, and Taylor and Snyder (28), who have demonstrated differential effects of the d and 1 isomers of amphetamine on noradrenergic and dopaminergic mechanisms and their respective animal behavioral correlates, hyperactivity and stereotypy. Schizophrenia and amphetamine psychosis may be difficult to tell apart in some cases. Other specific points of interest are the lowest doses known to cause psychosis.

Amphetamine psychosis pdf#

PDF Download Buy Article Permissions and Reprints Summary Various aspects of amphetamine ingestion, medical and social, are discussed.